Paxil Directly Linked to Birth Defects
Nick Johnson asked:
Recent studies have shown that the use of Paxil during pregnancy increases the chances of birth defects. In December 2005, the Food and Drug Administration moved Paxil from a class C drug to a class D drug. A class C drug is one that has been proven to harm animals; and a class D drug is one that has been proven to harm the human fetus. According to the FDA, a Swedish study was done which proved that women who took Paxil in the first trimester (first twelve weeks) of the pregnancy had two times higher risk in having a baby with some form of birth defect than other women who took another form of antidepressant or non antidepressant medication.
Some of the harms or birth defects caused by the use of Paxil before or during pregnancy include potential infant heart defects and persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn babies. During the first trimester of a pregnancy, the babies heart develops. According to medical experts, the most crucial time is during weeks three through seven because this is when the heart is taking the form of four separate chambers.
In addition to infant heart defects, there are several other potential defects that can result from taking Paxil during a pregnancy. For example, a 2005 research study showed the women who took Paxil during a pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, were more like to have an omphalocele; a birth defect which is a malformation where the abdominal contents protrude into the base of the umbilical cord. A condition known as craniosynostosis; another birth defect which is an early closing of one or more of the sutures of an infant’s head, causing a malformation of the skull is another potential defect that can result from the use of Paxil during a pregnancy.
Lung disorders are yet another birth defect that can be directly linked to the use of Paxil during a pregnancy. In 2006, the FDA issued an advisory notice saying that infants had problems with adjusting to breathing air when they first came out of the womb, which required them to have some sort of mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing. They claim that this birth defect can also be linked back to the use of Paxil during the pregnancy.
In conclusion, the FDA has said and proven that there are several birth defects that can be related to taking Paxil medication during the pregnancy. These include birth defects affecting the heart, lungs, and overall development. Women have a higher risk of birth defects, if the Paxil is taken before or during the pregnancy. Many lawsuits are now being initiated because of birth defects which could possibly be the result of taking Paxil medication during the pregnancy. If you have been taking or are currently taking Paxil and you are pregnant, then you should discontinue its use, contact your doctor and seek legal advice right away.
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Recent studies have shown that the use of Paxil during pregnancy increases the chances of birth defects. In December 2005, the Food and Drug Administration moved Paxil from a class C drug to a class D drug. A class C drug is one that has been proven to harm animals; and a class D drug is one that has been proven to harm the human fetus. According to the FDA, a Swedish study was done which proved that women who took Paxil in the first trimester (first twelve weeks) of the pregnancy had two times higher risk in having a baby with some form of birth defect than other women who took another form of antidepressant or non antidepressant medication.
Some of the harms or birth defects caused by the use of Paxil before or during pregnancy include potential infant heart defects and persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn babies. During the first trimester of a pregnancy, the babies heart develops. According to medical experts, the most crucial time is during weeks three through seven because this is when the heart is taking the form of four separate chambers.
In addition to infant heart defects, there are several other potential defects that can result from taking Paxil during a pregnancy. For example, a 2005 research study showed the women who took Paxil during a pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, were more like to have an omphalocele; a birth defect which is a malformation where the abdominal contents protrude into the base of the umbilical cord. A condition known as craniosynostosis; another birth defect which is an early closing of one or more of the sutures of an infant’s head, causing a malformation of the skull is another potential defect that can result from the use of Paxil during a pregnancy.
Lung disorders are yet another birth defect that can be directly linked to the use of Paxil during a pregnancy. In 2006, the FDA issued an advisory notice saying that infants had problems with adjusting to breathing air when they first came out of the womb, which required them to have some sort of mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing. They claim that this birth defect can also be linked back to the use of Paxil during the pregnancy.
In conclusion, the FDA has said and proven that there are several birth defects that can be related to taking Paxil medication during the pregnancy. These include birth defects affecting the heart, lungs, and overall development. Women have a higher risk of birth defects, if the Paxil is taken before or during the pregnancy. Many lawsuits are now being initiated because of birth defects which could possibly be the result of taking Paxil medication during the pregnancy. If you have been taking or are currently taking Paxil and you are pregnant, then you should discontinue its use, contact your doctor and seek legal advice right away.
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Don’t Let Bad Genetics Keep you From Building Big, Muscular Biceps
Mark G. Winston asked:
No matter who you are, I believe that you can build thickly muscled and chiseled biceps regardless of your size or body weight. Having said this, the fact remains that not all of us have the genetic potential to become Mr. Olympia (and most of us probably don’t want that much development anyway). The exact role of genetics in bodybuilding is not fully understood. One thing is certain – you’ve got to train smart to maximize whatever genetic potential you have to build massive, well-defined biceps.
Some people use “bad genetics” as a convenient excuse for quitting their training programs when they fail to see quick results. Don’t fall into this trap. You must remember to set your own goals and work to achieve them without comparing yourself to anyone else. Besides, how can you know what your genetic potential actually is until you’ve spent every effort and tried every available workout to maximize it?
Regardless of your genetic makeup, most of your biceps building success will depend upon the consistency and technical aspects of your training and proper nutrition. Moreover, you should understand that not every workout is going to deliver your desired results because there is no single exercise or workout plan that works for everyone. Depending on your body type and genetic abilities, some workouts will give you great results, some will work only modestly and others won’t work for you at all.
Biceps Training To Fit Your Body Type
To maximize your genetic potential to build big, muscular biceps you’ve got to understand your body type. In purest terms, the human body comes in three physiological forms: ectomorphic, endomorphic and mesomorphic. An ectomorph is the typical “hard gainer” who has general difficulty in gaining weight, especially muscle mass. Ectomorphs are usually tall with long, lean limbs, narrow shoulders and a relatively fragile bone structure. Ectomorphs also tend to have a high metabolism that causes the calorie burn that can eat into protein stores needed to build muscle after a workout.
Endomorphs are at the opposite end of the body type spectrum. Endomorphs tend to have rounded or “stocky” bodies with a slower metabolism that makes it easy for them to gain muscle. Unfortunately, this slow metabolism also means that endomorphs can get fat very easily. Endomorphs are particularly well-suited for powerlifting movements, but their tendency to hold on to calories makes high-repetition and cardiovascular training critical to their ability to achieve superior muscular shape and definition.
In between the ectomporhic and endomorphic body types is the mesomorph. Mesomorphs tend to have a naturally strong, balanced and athletic physique with an ability to gain and display muscle much more easily than the other body types (think NFL linebackers or world class sprinters). Although mesomorphs have a higher metabolism than endomorphs, they don’t have the ectomporhic ability to naturally burn calories and must therefore carefully monitor their food intake to avoid getting fat.
While pure ectomorphs, endomorphs and mesomorphs theoretically exist, the reality is that most people have mixed body types (e.g., “mesomorph-endomorph”). When it comes to training in a way that best fits your body type, there are subtle but important differences depending on whether you’re primarily an ectomorph, endomorph or mesomorph. If you’re mostly ectomorphic, you should emphasize low repetition mass building techniques with extended training intervals that minimize cardiovascular exercise.
On the other hand, if you’re primarily endormorphic you should emphasize high repetition training cycles with extended intervals that regularly include high intensity cardiovascular workouts. Finally, if you’re mostly mesomorphic your biceps should respond well to both low and high repetition training with moderate amounts of high intensity cardiovascular training for enhanced muscularity. The bottom line is that you must work with whatever genetic potential you have to build the big, muscular biceps that you desire. And you’ll never reach that potential if you quit too soon because of “bad genetics.”
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No matter who you are, I believe that you can build thickly muscled and chiseled biceps regardless of your size or body weight. Having said this, the fact remains that not all of us have the genetic potential to become Mr. Olympia (and most of us probably don’t want that much development anyway). The exact role of genetics in bodybuilding is not fully understood. One thing is certain – you’ve got to train smart to maximize whatever genetic potential you have to build massive, well-defined biceps.
Some people use “bad genetics” as a convenient excuse for quitting their training programs when they fail to see quick results. Don’t fall into this trap. You must remember to set your own goals and work to achieve them without comparing yourself to anyone else. Besides, how can you know what your genetic potential actually is until you’ve spent every effort and tried every available workout to maximize it?
Regardless of your genetic makeup, most of your biceps building success will depend upon the consistency and technical aspects of your training and proper nutrition. Moreover, you should understand that not every workout is going to deliver your desired results because there is no single exercise or workout plan that works for everyone. Depending on your body type and genetic abilities, some workouts will give you great results, some will work only modestly and others won’t work for you at all.
Biceps Training To Fit Your Body Type
To maximize your genetic potential to build big, muscular biceps you’ve got to understand your body type. In purest terms, the human body comes in three physiological forms: ectomorphic, endomorphic and mesomorphic. An ectomorph is the typical “hard gainer” who has general difficulty in gaining weight, especially muscle mass. Ectomorphs are usually tall with long, lean limbs, narrow shoulders and a relatively fragile bone structure. Ectomorphs also tend to have a high metabolism that causes the calorie burn that can eat into protein stores needed to build muscle after a workout.
Endomorphs are at the opposite end of the body type spectrum. Endomorphs tend to have rounded or “stocky” bodies with a slower metabolism that makes it easy for them to gain muscle. Unfortunately, this slow metabolism also means that endomorphs can get fat very easily. Endomorphs are particularly well-suited for powerlifting movements, but their tendency to hold on to calories makes high-repetition and cardiovascular training critical to their ability to achieve superior muscular shape and definition.
In between the ectomporhic and endomorphic body types is the mesomorph. Mesomorphs tend to have a naturally strong, balanced and athletic physique with an ability to gain and display muscle much more easily than the other body types (think NFL linebackers or world class sprinters). Although mesomorphs have a higher metabolism than endomorphs, they don’t have the ectomporhic ability to naturally burn calories and must therefore carefully monitor their food intake to avoid getting fat.
While pure ectomorphs, endomorphs and mesomorphs theoretically exist, the reality is that most people have mixed body types (e.g., “mesomorph-endomorph”). When it comes to training in a way that best fits your body type, there are subtle but important differences depending on whether you’re primarily an ectomorph, endomorph or mesomorph. If you’re mostly ectomorphic, you should emphasize low repetition mass building techniques with extended training intervals that minimize cardiovascular exercise.
On the other hand, if you’re primarily endormorphic you should emphasize high repetition training cycles with extended intervals that regularly include high intensity cardiovascular workouts. Finally, if you’re mostly mesomorphic your biceps should respond well to both low and high repetition training with moderate amounts of high intensity cardiovascular training for enhanced muscularity. The bottom line is that you must work with whatever genetic potential you have to build the big, muscular biceps that you desire. And you’ll never reach that potential if you quit too soon because of “bad genetics.”
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